Which chromosome abnormalities are associated with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)?

Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) is primarily associated with specific chromosomal abnormalities, most notably the Philadelphia chromosome. This abnormality is a result of a translocation between chromosome 22 and chromosome 9, where a portion of chromosome 22 is swapped with a part of chromosome 9. This genetic change leads to the formation of the BCR-ABL fusion gene, which encodes a constitutively active tyrosine kinase that promotes cell proliferation and impairs apoptosis, contributing to the pathogenesis of CML.

Given this context, identifying the presence of abnormalities on chromosome 22 and 9 is critical in diagnosing CML. The association of these chromosomes with CML is well-documented in medical literature, which focuses on the genetic and molecular characteristics of the disease.